Music Business Essays - Copyright Collection Societies,

Music Business Music Business Exam Number One Question 1. The music publishing industry at a glance would seem to be those who print sheet music, method books, lead sheets, and all of the texts or notated music that musicians (and those aspiring to be musicians) use. Years ago, this was what most music publishers did, but as the industry has evolved the process that become much more complex. Music is not just ink and paper, intellectual material and property to the individual who writes it. Therefore the song does not become a song when it is written down. This is not an easy concept to grasp because the song by itself has no physical makeup. A song could exist once it is played for the first time, and songs can even exist inside the mind of a songwriter. This concept is why the publishing business can be so complex; we are dealing with intellectual property. The heart of the music publishing business lies in the rights to the original music. After the music is successful enough to financially support itself the music is printed in mass quantities in a variety of ways. This could be everything from guitar tabs to choral arrangements for a junior high choir. The publishers main source of income is through record royalties, performance royalties received from companies like the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), Broadcast Music Incorporated (BMI), and the Society of European Stage Authors and Composers (SESAC) for performances of music copyrighted by the publisher. These royalties could be from many different types of performances but most are though radio and songs on television. The success of a songwriter lies in the greatly in the hands of his/her publisher. Normally we hear of a bands success when they are signed with a record deal, but most record companies not only produce and promote an album, they also a ct as the publisher who, when contracted, owns the rights to the music. When a publisher own the song it is put in to their catalog. Merchandise retailers have catalogs of their goods just like publishers have a catalog of songs that they own rights to. Publishing firms such as Warner/Chappell, BMG Music, MCA Music, and Sony music have catalogs of many styles of music. These companies are referred to as full-line companies. A broad repertoire allows them to market their music to many audiences. Most of these full-line companys roots can be traced back to the music of Hollywood and the show music of Broadway. Publishers today may have thousands of songwriters in its catalog including all styles of music from around the globe. Representative Warner/Chappell owns, administers, or sub-publishes more that a million copyrights here and abroad. Todays full-line publishers have many different divisions to their company. Large publishers handle virtually every aspect of a writers music, its recordings, distribution, sales, promotion, advertising, touring, and legal affairs. This figure lays out all the divisions a full-line publisher may have. The administration division is the division that handles the operations of the firm. All business affairs go through administration. When money is received from or paid to customers the firm the accounting divisions keeps all the financial records of these kinds of operations. The accounting division also would handle loans given to artist that are signed to the firm under the publishers record label. When a band records an album under a label they become a liability to the label because money has to be spent to record, produce and promote a artists music. Full-line publishers front this money and all profits from the artist come back and are split 50-50 with the publisher and the writer. If the artist maintains the rights to their songs the record contract will include a controlled composition clause that calls for a reduced mechanical royalty paid to the artist by the record label. This clause may reduce the royalty split to 75-25, the larger portion going to the record label. This clause would not be insisted to artists who place the full rights to works in the hands of the record companys publisher. The artist remains a liability to the publisher as long as the artist has not made as much money as

Leons story Essay Example

Leons story Essay Example Leons story Essay Leons story Essay Essay Topic: Catching Fire Leons Story The sun felt hot on his skin when he was standing there waiting under the Ferris wheel for Tony. All he wanted was to forget what he had experienced in the army, so the minute he was finished hed bought a bottle of wine, which he was now drinking. Catching sight of Tony, he got a little over excited, probably because of the wine, and yelled Hey, Tony over here Leon noticed that Tonys cheeks turned a little red, and knew that he had embarrassed him, but he didnt care! He was Just so happy to see his friend again. Hows it going old friend? Leon grabbed Tonys hand and pulled him into a quick hug with a smile on his face. Its good to be home again! IVe already been asked to Join the Corn Dance, but I hope I havent forgotten what to do. Tony laughed. mfoull remember when you hear the music, Im sure. They stood there, talking for a while, catching up. The sun was dusty and low in the west; people were rushing by, having fun in the marked. Do you want something to eat? Tony asked Looking down at his bottle, Leon shook his head and said he was good, but that they could go buy some burgers if he was hungry. Standing in line, waiting, Leon suddenly saw a fist, and thats the last thing he remembered before everything went black. Waking up in the hospital, Leon was confused. His face hurt, and there were doctors everywhere. Tony came over and told him what had happened. He didnt understand this. He had as much right as anyone to be there and that state co p had Just punched him. He needed stiches around his mouth and they gave him a shot against the pain. After dropping Tony off by his house, he drove home. The next few days were better, but after what that cop did, he felt so bitter and all he wanted was to have his payback. But all he could do for now was to take it up with the pueblo meeting. They had a long discussion which ended with Leon getting madder than efore since they told him it was his fault for drinking and he and Tony left. Hey, you want to come with me and buy some barbed wire for my uncle? he finally asked Tony after a long time of silence. Tony gave a weak smile, and nodded. Stopping on the way for some gas, Leon was tanking, while Tony went inside Cerritos for some snacks. Suddenly Tony was walking fast towards him telling him that the big cop was inside. Leon and Tony got in his car and skidded back out on the highway. Leon had not seen the cops car, and thatz scared him, but Tony Just brushed it off and said it as probably hidden. Still driving on the highway, the sun was hot and the sky was empty. The ground was all dried up across the valley, and Leon still felt a chill going up his spine after the encounter on the gas station. Looking in his rear-view mirror Leon suddenly saw the state cops car trailing them. The sirens were on. Swatting Tony on his shoulder to make him aware of what was happening; he started to slow down his car, and pulled over. What the hell does he want now? Leon said out loud The cop made them step out of the car, using the excuse that he wanted to see his rivers license. They stood there waiting while the wind was rattling. Leon looked up at the cops face, seeing that he was wearing dark shades, so you couldnt see his eyes. He could also see that Tony was quivering besides him and knew that he was good in speaking English, Leon stepped in for him. He doesnt understand English so good. The cop looked back at Tony. My name is Antonio Sousea. Tony said in a low voice. The cop suddenly laughed. He started to rant about how much he disliked Indians like them, that it was their entire fault that he got transferred here. He spat at the ground before he turned, leaving them there. Later, that afternoon, Leon went to talk to the governor, because he felt that this treatment to him and his friend was unacceptable. He felt better afterwards since the governor had promised hed send a letter to the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Driving on the highway, on their way to his uncle he felt so much better. His uncle had asked Tony if he wanted to stay at the sheep camp for a while, so then he and Tony could be left alone. The sun was low in the sky when Leon drove off the highway and onto the sheep-camp road. Suddenly here were another car there trying to force them off the road. It was the state cop. Leon panicked trying to hold the car up, while listening to Tony rambling about killing and burning. He didnt understand what he meant. Leon managed to stop the car and he got out. Tony was still in the car with a . 30-30 across his lap. Standing there, facing the cop, he still couldnt see his eyes because of his shades. The cop started to walk towards him, raising a stick and pointing it at him. It all happened so fast. The cop lay dead on the ground and the shot had been so loud. There was blood everywhere. I turned around and screamed Tony! You killed him you killed the cop! I couldnt believe it. Tony had Just used the . 30-30 to kill a man, a cop no less! They put the cop in his car and set it on fire. The gas tank on the car exploded and the flames went high up in the sky. Leon looked over at his friend. Oh my God Tony, what have you done? Tony kept staring at the flames, his eyes were hard. He kept reassuring Leon that it was killed and it was safe now, and started to ramble about this dream hed had. Leon could feel the blood leaving his face when he realized what his friend was.

A Guide to Valentines Day in Japan

A Guide to Valentine's Day in Japan Do you have any plans for Valentines Day? Is there a special way of spending this time in your culture? Learn how the day of love is celebrated in Japanese culture.   Gift-Giving In Japan, it is only the women who give presents to men. This is done because women are considered to be too shy to express their love. Though it might not  be true especially in  modern times, Valentines Day was thought to be a great opportunity to let women express their feelings. Chocolates Women typically give chocolates to men on Valentines Day. While chocolates are not necessarily the customary  gift  to give, this is a custom that smart chocolate companies have spread to boost their sales. This tactic  has been very successful. Now, chocolate companies in Japan sell more than half of their annual sales during the week before Valentines Day. Men are supposed to return gifts to women on a day called White Day (March 14th). This holiday is a Japanese creation. Giri-Choko But dont get too excited when you get chocolates from Japanese girls! They might be giri-choko (obligation chocolate). Women give chocolates not only to their loved ones. While a true love chocolate is called honmei-choko, giri-choko is the chocolate given to men such as bosses, colleagues or male friends that women have no romantic interest in. In these cases, the chocolates are given just for friendship or gratitude. The concept of giri is very Japanese. It is a mutual obligation that the Japanese follow when dealing with other people. If someone does you a favor, then you feel obligated to do something for that person. Valentines Cards and Expressions Unlike the West, sending Valentines cards is not common in Japan. Also, the phrase happy valentines is not widely used. On another note, happy birthday and happy new year are common phrases. In such cases, happy ~ is translated as ~ omedetou 㠁Šã‚ Ã£  §Ã£  ¨Ã£ â€ . The Color Red Which color do you think is the color of love? In Japan, many people would probably say it is red. Heart shapes are usually in red and red roses are also romantic gifts.   How do the Japanese see the color of red? How do they use it in their culture? Read  Japanese Conception of Red  to  learn the meaning behind the color red in Japanese culture and how it is used in society.

Marketing transportation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Marketing transportation - Essay Example A different political limit includes embargoes, or the ban of goods amid specific countries. Government plays an imperative role in restriction of cross border trade so as to promote their own goods. The government can involve itself with constructing marketable vessels and engaging in trade related activities so as to promote their own commercial fleet. The regime also supports their individual carriers through the implementation of cargo preference regulations. This needs the approval of the government to enable the careers to move freely in their countries. In the past, various global airlines were governmental owned with the state dictating their operations. The past 25 years have seen some government sponsored carriers being privatized. British Airways was owned by the government in 1980s (Czinkota, Ilkka and Marta). Logistics performance guide is an index to measure a country performance using six logical aspects. It was started as a way of recognizing the significance of logistics in international trade. The six aspects of logistics covered in the regulations include making the clearance process efficient by enhancing speed, procedures and inevitability. The use of border agencies and customs ease the process. It deals with improvement of the quality of trade and infrastructure such as the transport system. Performance index helps in simplicity of arrangement of competitively priced shipments, proficiency and value of logistics. This includes transportation operators and custom agencies. The performance index encourages the ability of the custom body in tracking and tracing goods. Ships are more efficient in that they are expected to follow a strict timetable and schedule so as to reach the predictable destination on

Immigration in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Immigration in the US - Essay Example Many Americans are of the view that the growing crime rates in America is caused by the growing immigrant community in America. At the same time, American authorities are not ready to accept the allegations against America’s changing immigration policies. In their opinion, majority of America’s immigration policies remain the same even though the security measures were strengthened because of growing terrorism related problems. In this paper, I argue that racial profiling exists in current immigration policies of America. Immigration to America was intensified in the nineteenth century because of industgrial revolutions in America. â€Å"Majorities of immigrants came during the 1820s - 1890s were mostly from Ireland and Germany. Famine and poverty in Ireland, and political upheaval in Germany brought about five million immigrants† (Immigration and Industrialization in the Nineteenth century). Mexicans were another prominent community which started to migrate to A merica in the nineteenth century because of poor domestic administration, low wages, poverty, increasing population etc in their home country. The proximity of America with Mexico helped Mexicans to cross the border legally and illegally. Moreover, racism was prevailing in America in the nineteenth century which forced them to accept immigrants only from Christian countries and block people from all other countries. â€Å"Racism against the Asians were much worse than anything seen on the east coast and in 1882 the United States even passed a law prohibiting Chinese laborers from entering the United States at all (The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882)†(Anderson). However, the scenario has changed a lot in the twentieth century after the abolitions of slavery and racism in America. Many Hindus and Muslims from India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Middle East etc like countries started to migrate to America because of various reasons. These diverse communities never bothered to integrate i nto American culture. They spoke their own languages and celebrated their own celebrations. Thus, American culture started to disintegrate as a result of diverse population. Rouse et al. (2010) have pointed out that â€Å"one of the primary concerns raised by many Americans is that the influx of immigrants has a potentially negative effect on American culture, particularly if these immigrants are not willing to conform to the American way of life† (Rouse et al., p.860). American culture is entirely different from the cultures of other parts of the world. Irrespective of the differences in religious beliefs, people of different religions stayed in harmony in America until recent times. However, the scenario has changed a lot after 9/11 incident. Even innocent and well known Muslim people are undergoing severe harassments in America at present. For example, India’s former president and world famous nuclear scientist APJ Abdul Kalam and Bollywood celebrity Shah Ruk Khan f orced to undergo body scanning in American airports recently. â€Å"It is worth mentioning that when former President Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam boarded and Air India flight on September 29, 2011 at New York’s JFK Airport, he was frisked twice† (US airport security measures and double frisking of Kalam). At the same time Christian dignitaries from other countries are not facing such harassments in American airports. The above facts clearly suggest that racial profiling is currently going on in America in the name of terrorism. Arizona has

Why Cats Are Bad Pets Essay Example for Free

Why Cats Are Bad Pets Essay In ancient Egypt, they held cats up high for poise and grace; they even had a goddess cat, named Bast (Bastet). When Egyptians lost their cat, they would mourn as if they lost a family member. To kill a cat, even accidentally, was an automatic death sentence. Cats were believed to be guardians of the gates of hell, and to prevent demons, ghouls, and spirits from escaping, and prevent them from entering homes of humans. So why people find this animal cute, adorable, and friendly is beyond me. Who would want a pet that was held up to be a god? That people have killed over and treated like a human? That is associated with hell and all its demons? Animals aren’t human, so these cats should be treated exactly like pets. Not equals, not â€Å"man’s best friend†, but an animal. You can’t take them everywhere with you like you can a dog, and if you leave them home, they may pee everywhere, claw up the couch, get into everything they shouldn’t, and make a ridiculous mess. Cats are a bit messy. They like to sleep everywhere, and leave their hair of the couch cushions, curtains, comforter, and your clothes. They walk on your ledges, and if you have picture frames, candles, or any type of dà ©cor, they will knock it over. It’s just a given, you’ll come home to your things on the floor. It seems like every time you’re walking, or in the kitchen, they are right there by your feet, weaving too and fro as you are trying to get from one place to the other. It’s almost like they are trying to kill you. They have no respect for your personal space. If you’re sitting on one end of the couch, taking up only one cushion, they will feel obliged to jump up on your lap and stay there till you have to move. If you do move, and come back, good luck getting back on their good side, because they want nothing to do with you. They have a lot of diva in them. One minute they want every little bit of your attention, and the next they want nothing to do with you and will hiss if you as much as reach your hand out to them. Because of this attitude, they will choose to completely ignore you, even when called by name. They are worse than women going through menopause. Sure, you don’t have to bathe a cat like you do a dog. And that can be very time consuming and expensive, especially if your dog has allergic reactions to certain substances and chemicals, but who wants to let a cat lick you, knowing where their tongue has been? It’s just disgusting, filthy, and sickening. While it’s nice to not have to bath them, during each cleaning they ingest a small amount of hair and it accumulates until it grows into a wet hairball that they need to cough up on your expensive wood flooring, your new carpet, or your bed. Another nasty habit with cats is spraying. When an un-neutered male cat feels threatened, he will spray urine everywhere, as a way of marking his territory, and claiming what’s his. They don’t care where they spray. They will go all over your house if they want to. Who wants your cat leaving their stench on your couch, bed, floor, clothes, etc.? Not me. How many people do you see taking their cat with them on car rides? Or having a nice walk in the park? Absolutely no one. If you’ve ever brought your cat in the car, you know how loud, annoying and horrible it is, not only for them but you as well. The whole time, all you hear is their pitiful meow from the carrier, which is in the very back, covered in blankets to drown out the ear-splitting screeches. Trying to get them to go on a walk with you is like dragging a brick. They don’t want to leave the comfort of their home. Dogs on the other hand, love to go on walks, car rides are a special treat for them. They will play with you, train them to do tricks, and even dress them up for Halloween. Sure you have to give them a bath every now and then, but would you prefer to have a companion as a pet, or one that acts like a temper tantrum throwing toddler?

Health care ethics Essay -- essays research papers

The basic rights of human beings, such as concern for personal dignity, are always of great importance. During illness, however, these rights are extremely vital and must be protected. Therefore, healthcare providers should make an effort to assure that these rights are preserved for their patients. Likewise, health care providers have the right to expect reasonable and responsible behavior on the part of our patients, their relatives, and friends. This is where the patient’s bill of rights comes into play.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Patient\\\'s Bill of Rights was first adopted by the American Hospital Association (AHA) in 1973 and revised in October 1992. Patient rights were developed with the expectation that it would contribute to more effective patient care. It aids the patients and their families to understand their rights and responsibilities (Edge et al, 1998).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In theory, once one understood the right, one should be able to reason out the correlative obligations. Below are two obligations to each of the items found in the patient\\\'s bill of rights.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Respect and Dignity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Respect the dignity of the patient by being considerate and caring   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Do not discriminate based on sex, race or religion, etc.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Identity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Hospital staff should wear name badges to identify themselves.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Staff members should introduce themselves to you and describe their roles   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  before care is given.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Participation in Treatment Decisions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Provide the patients with their treatment option   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Allow the patient to participate in the treatment options available   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Advanced Directive   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Advice patients of their rights to make informed medical choices, ask if the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  patient has an advance directive.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Honor the wishes of the patient as stated in his/her directive as permitted   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  by law and hospital policy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Privacy   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Do not disclose information abo... ...and regulatory standards. Their broad range of patient care, education, public health, social service, and business functions is essential to the health and well being of their communities. These roles and functions demand that health care organizations conduct themselves in an ethical manner that emphasizes a basic community service orientation and justifies the public trust. The health care institution\\\'s mission and values should be embodied in all its programs, services, and activities (Ethical Conduct for Health Care Institutions, 1992).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So although the patient can sue for malpractice, it will be based on laws related to the ethical principles, but not the Ethical Principles themselves. For example, if a patient feels that they were treated differently because of race, they would file a discrimination suit, which is legally sanctioned under other legal legislature. It seems quite complicated, but it is important to recognize the difference between ethics and the law.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ethical complaints (i.e., the nurse did not treat me with respect) goes before a hospital disciplinary panel, but not before the legal courts.

Solar Energy Facts

ASTOUNDING SOLAR ENERGY FACTS What is solar energy? People often think of solar energy as solar panels mounted on roofs in sunny neighborhoods. This is only part of solar energy (â€Å"Solar energy facts,†2012). Solar energy is the oldest energy source. Plants, animal and the microbial life have been using it as a principle energy source since the times of creation. It is in the form of heat and light. In the past years, people have tapped solar energy enabling it to be used at all times; including the nights, in all weather conditions, can be stored as well as be transferred.Solar energy can be defined as the technology used to exploit the sun’s power and make it usable. Solar energy facts * Solar energy makes life a reality. Through photosynthesis, plants absorb sunlight and provide food and oxygen which animals consume to live. Human bodies absorb solar energy this helps to regulate body temperature. Sunlight also provides vitamin D, which is necessary to human healt h. * Solar energy is an extremely clean energy source. It is environmentally healthier than traditionally fossil related forms of energy since it does not emit any known pollutants to the environment. The earth absorbs approximately 3. 85 million exajoules of energy from the sun. This is big compared to the earth’s use of about 56. 7 exajoules. The sun is the sole source of solar energy, believed to last for more than 5 billion years. This means solar energy is the most renewable and viable source of energy. * The practical use of solar energy is inexhaustible. Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) proposed the concentrating solar principle, which a concave mirror directs rays to solar water heaters. Also upon launch, satellites and spacecrafts use solar energy as their main source. Solar energy is responsible for the weather and ocean currents. Majority of the thermal energy which is due to solar energy stored in the ocean. This means the transfer of energy on the earth’s sur face relates to the ocean-atmosphere. Utilization of solar energy * Solar thermal plants concentrate the sun’s energy as a heat source to boil water used to run steam powered turbines to generate electricity. * Solar panels using photovoltaic cells convert solar energy into electricity to light homes, though storage batteries may be needed. Solar energy can be used in war, as from Archimedes who by directing heat rays using mirrors burned down ships that had siege Syracuse. * Solar water heater utilizes solar energy to warm water for homes. Also by the use of heat absorbent surfaces, solar energy can be used to heat pools. * In food processing, solar energy presents a significant functionality in drying. In summary, solar energy is a renewable source of green energy and has a tremendous and endless industrial utilization.It is also vital to life and nature. This solar energy facts reveal that solar is the main green energy source at hand. References Solar Energy Information a nd Facts(2010). Retrieved from http://www. valopia. com/index. php/Solar/solar-energy-information-and-facts. html Solar Energy Facts. (2012). Retrieved from http://www. solarenergy-facts. org/ Solar power facts. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. solarpowerfacts. biz/ Wind Solar Projects. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http://www. windsolarprojects. com/

Simple Pricing

The new service as „i-mode† start on 22 February 1999. Initially 67 content providers participated in the new service, with sites ranging from banking to Karaoke. Thanks to „i- mode† always and everywhere we can use from informative services, the universal bank services, stock quotations, reservation of tickets. Telephone is guide after cinemas restaurants, clubs etc. However the largest popularity have service LadyCall (which addressees are teenage Japanese), dedicated the newest trends of fashion, the most popular idols and actors including many different information which was should know, to distinguish in peers' company. Young users are the prime motor of success „i- mode†. They are almost half of all subscribers. The users „i- mode† not pay for time duration the connection, but for quantity of sended data. Dispatch or receipt one packet (128 bytes) carries out 3 yens (about 12 groszy), and regular payment 300 yens (about 12 zloty) monthly. Some services available by authorized partners require bringing additional, small payments. They are small, but they make up the powerful source of earnings. Provides by that example of Bandai firm- the Japanese potentate of amusement industry- in price 1 USD monthly sends every day everyone of subscribers the small animation. Only this one service is in Japan about 2 million users. „I-Mode's† Business model „I-mode† has been extraordinarily successful in Japan. This is because of its outstanding convenience and it's unique business model. Its reliance on this system offers an innovative approach to the mobile service value chain and to wireless service / Internet relationships. Exists close cooperation with equipment manufacturers, content providers, and other platforms to ensure that wireless technology, content quality, and user experience evolve jointly. This synchronization guarantees that customers, partners and shareholders share interests with end-user's, thus enabling all parties to maximize value and to continue to improve the quality of products and services connected with i-mode. By adopting an HTML subset is able to creation of sites exceptionally simple. Is enabled the compatibility of many other standards including: GIF, Java, MIDI, Macromedia Flash, and HTTP. Additionally DOCOMO promoting beneficial alliances with a variety of international partners, including content providers, overseas operators, ISPs, software developers and manufacturers. These alliances endorse international coverage; encourage the development of new collaborative products, and offer i-mode users the most cost-effective, high-quality products and services available globally. Simple Pricing System DOCOMO collect monthly information charges for the i-Menu listed content providers via a consolidated bill for all mobile phone activities, thus eliminating the need for provider billing. This arrangement reduces expenses for the content partners and encourages them to generate high-quality offerings to attract new subscribers, thereby boosting their profits. Additionally, they are able to generate incremental revenue by charging a small commission for the clearinghouse billing system service.

Marketing Management Essay Example

Marketing Management Essay Example Marketing Management Essay Marketing Management Essay Strengths Strong Management (Shakeys) Strong management can help Shakeys reach its potential by utilizing strengths and eliminating Size Advantages (Shakeys) Size advantages lower Shakeyss risks. The larger Shakeys gets, the more resources they have to Technology (Shakeys) Superior technology allows Shakeys to better meet the needs of their customers in ways that Cost Advantages (Shakeys) Lower costs lead to higher profits for Shakeys. A low cost leader can undercut rivals on price Customer Loyalty (Shakeys) When given a choice, customers are loyal to Shakeys. Instead of targeting all customers, Shakeys Weaknesses Customer Service (Shakeys) Weak customer service hurts Shakeyss reputation and causes customers to flee to competitors, who Opportunities Innovation (Shakeys) Greater innovation can help Shakeys to produce unique products and services that meet customers New Technology (Shakeys) New technology helps Shakeys to better meet their customers needs with new and improved products New Products (Shakeys) New products can help Shakeys to expand their business and diversity their customer base New Markets (Shakeys) New markets allow Shakeys to expand their business and diversify their portfolio of roducts and Threats Bad Economy (Shakeys) A bad economy can hurt Shakeyss business by decreasing the number of potential customers Intense Competition (Shakeys) Intense completion can lower Shakeyss profits, because competitors can entice consumers Shakeys SWOT Analysis Profile away What is a SWOT Analysis? It is a way of evaluating the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that affect something. See WikiWealths SWOT tutorial for help. Remember, vote up the most important comments. Check out WikiWealths entire database of free SWOT reports or use our SWOT analysis generator to create your own SWOT template.

Challenges Women Went Through Economically, Socially, And Politically During The US Reconstruction Era

Challenges Women Went Through Economically, Socially, And Politically During The US Reconstruction Era Throughout the Reconstruction era, the lives of women in the North and South progressed economically, politically, and socially. Women were becoming part of the emerging consumer culture while becoming more active in a political sector. Given how the ideal of â€Å"true womanhood† began losing its eminence in U.S. society, the New Woman began gaining popularity with their higher levels of education, leisure time, working for a wage, and participating in politics. With women gaining personal freedoms, restrictions were still placed upon them to look and act a certain way amongst through the previous model of true womanhood, though its representation varied given the woman’s race and social standing. During the 1860s and the nineteen-teens, new opportunities for higher education were available. However, those who benefitted from it most exclusively were wealthy white women. With their higher education, women were able to have better opportunities for jobs not believed to be fitting for women: administration, clerical, law, and political positions (Dubois and Dumenil 302, 327). Wealthier women also were able to run their own settlement homes; one such woman was Jane Addams. African-American women could become shopkeepers and teachers, but complicating their new freedom was the establishment of Jim Crow laws and public lynchings under often false charges. In Ida B. Wells’ autobiography, Crusade for Justice, she described the lynching of friend, Thomas Moss, as â€Å"an excuse to get rid of Nergoes who were aquiring wealth and property†¦keep the race terrorized.† Her testimony, as well as her involement of further investigating the charges brought on by lynching victims, led to her being driven out of Memphis in 1892 (Dubois and Dumenil 314, 316). Sadly, working- and lower-class women were not offered the same opportunities for further advancement in U.S. society. They were sequestered in factory jobs and their stays in settlement homes only provided temporary relief in their situations, though their way of life was respected (Dubois and Dumenil 368-9). In contrast to immigrant women’s education, the education young Native girls received in government-run boarding schools was designed to assimilate them in the dominant American culture given how American felt there was a need for non-Americans to become civilized. For the Native girls, it meant settling into domesticity and receiving harsh punishments—whippings or being tied up—if they â€Å"reverted back to their Indian ways† or tried escaping (Dubois and Dumenil 349). To receive funding, Indian boarding schools would present pictures of Native girls before and after their â€Å"Americanization.† A pair of photos taken of three young Native girls before and after their assimilation shows their hair being cut, dressed in American clothing, and sitting at a table. The only commonality is the look of sorrow on their faces. Given their low status, it was rare for Native children to progress in society when very few achieved basic English literary skills. With women having more free time for leisure, there was an expectation of women to be seen as presentable and beautiful when outside of the home. Cosmetics, previously worn by prostitutes, were sold and presented to women as something to cover their flaws, attract future husbands with, set themselves apart from other women, and to set the standards of beauty for other women especially young girls. Further boosting the sale of cosmetics and formation of salons was the monitoring of a woman’s appearance by men and other women, advertisements, the private selling of makeup door to door, and cosmetics expanding to be sold in local drug stores (Peiss 373-4, 378). Wearing makeup and keeping up appearances was an indication of a woman’s wealth and how highly she valued herself. If a woman of lower class was seen without makeup in the public sector, she was deemed as inferior as opposed to middle and working-class women who bought makeup and would wear it while working. Durin g the Progressive era, wealthy women outside the home had the freedom to become philanthropists and activists. One of the most prosperous philanthropists was Madam C.J. Walker, the daughter of slave parents, who acquired wealth and status in the cosmetics industry aimed for African-American women (Dubois and Dumenil 421). The growth of women wage earners increased during the Progressive Era. By 1920, twenty percent of the workforce was female with over half of the labor consisting of immigrant and/or non-white women. After the Civil War, the profession of nursing was no longer seen as a â€Å"domestic service†. Even the profession of teaching evolved to where women could be professors. Despite segregation being enforced in the North and South, black women were able to form their own schools in local communities to educate young children during the professionalization (Dubois and Dumenil 408-9). Despite these changes, women were still expected to become mothers and put aside their professional carriers while the children were young. Immigrant women, wives and daughters, were expected to become wage earners while trying to maintain old world customs. Their way of earning money was through domestic housework for the more leisured White upper-class women. Given the surge in immigration, many live d in cramped and poorly kempt rooms. A photo taken by Jacob Riis for the New York Tribune shows five women staying possibly temporarily in a police station with clothes drying and their only means of furniture and heating is a stove. Riis’s photo reveals the extent of homelessness, collapse of a working-class family, and why many immigrant women and why immigrant women felt the need to contribute a wage for their families (Dubois and Dumenil 392). With more women working outside of the home, women began to voice their opinions more publicly and politically. The newest wave of the suffragist movement gave middle-class women voices in political settings while drawing attention from the wealthy and working-class women. However, the funding for marches and attention came from the wealthy women’s husbands. During what would be the Women’s Era, women’s organizations such as Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) and National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) granted women voices in politics through demands of fair wages, the establishment of a maximum workweek, and ending child labor (Dubois and Dumenil 286, 309-10). In addition, their alliance would bring more attention to women’s suffrage, especially with an endorsement from Susan B. Anthony and a shift to have women’s votes be amended. Some immigrant women joined the women’s movements under the promise of gaining fre edom for themselves, and possibly for their daughters (Dubois and Dumenil 363). Yet no black woman was invited to attend women’s movements and organizations, nor was there Native American women involved in women’s organizations known to have occurred. African-American women had their own organizations, but they were segregated from movements founded by white women. The change of the American women’s role in life began in the middle of the nineteenth century and continued into the first decades of the twentieth. During that time, women had gained more influence and prominence politically and socially (Dubois and Dumenil 441). However, women were still expected to achieve the goal of motherhood. What differed was now they had the greater possibility of working outside of the home while being a mother or not becoming a mother at all. With vast amounts of freedom, women challenged social expectations while still being expected to maintain a form of decorum and femininity. In the long run, the degree of freedom women had was evident in comparison to the early nineteenth century, but their independence was reliant on their class and race. More opportunities and means of social advancements were available to the privileged and leisured classes, but non-white women were limited in job prospects and faced segregation, discrimination, and violen ce. In spite of everything, improvements women made paved the way for a new era of women’s rights and liberties.

Code Of Silence among police officers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Code Of Silence among police officers - Essay Example Second, members are expected to observe a certain way of life in which they find emotional identity. Third, the tribe needs an enemy. An enemy provides strong motivation, with emotions going deeply to the level of survival, that keep the tribe in existence. A police officer said to me, "Ninety-eight percent of the people in the world are sorry S.O.B.'s and the two percent that are good are cops." He didn't include anyone above the rank of sergeant in the two percent and only about half of them were included. An extreme statement Yes! A unique attitude No! That officer succinctly stated a common conclusion of a prevalent value system in police-the tribal value system. Ethics in law enforcement has become a popular topic in police literature and courses, and I am glad. Ethical behavior by police is important-more, it is crucial. But I am concerned about the approach taken in the articles I have read and the seminars I have attended. The approach has followed a legal model. Authorities make pronouncements about how officers "shall" or "will" behave and what they "shall not" or "will not" do. The language is in the imperative voice with an expectation that officers will follow these ethical imperatives because they have been officially stated. The motivation for following is similar to obeying the law (Morrison 2001). Laws must be obeyed and ethical principles should be heeded, but the two are not the same. The legal model assumes that there is only one system of values, the authority based system, and that assumption is false. Notice the change in wording from "ethics" to "values". The two are not the same, but they can't be separated. People's ethics reflect their values. There are several value systems by which people decide right and wrong, and the authority value system is only one means by which people build ethics. Each system exists in all people at varying degrees in different circumstances and times in their lives. For example, one system may predominate at home and another at work. Likewise, the values most affecting a rookie are not the same as the predominant values in an officer of ten years. The concept of values emphasizes a living process through which people come to their ethical conclusions. The things important to people change throughout their lives, and as a result, their ethical understandings change. The legal model of ethics assumes a static authority value system in all officers in all phases of their careers and is weak because officers do in fact change. Authoritative pronouncements will not and cannot determine the ethical standards and behavior of officers. If the current dialogue in ethics is going to have any real effect, we must deal with the realities of police-who they are and where they live. I want to focus on the tribal value system-the one that allows an officer to believe that almost all people are bad, as expressed in the first sentence. This system dominates in almost all officers at some point in their careers. Keep in mind that very few people are aware of different value systems in them vying for dominance. They are just aware of struggling with right and wrong without being able to articulate the process going on in them (Pinker 1994). The National Institute of Ethics has concluded the most extensive research ever conducted on the police Code of Silence. Between February, 1999 and June, 2000, 3,714 officers and academy recruits from forty-two different states were asked to participate in the